Clay bricks, also called sintered bricks, are small man-made blocks for construction. Clay bricks are made of clay as the main raw material, treated with clay, shaped, dried and roasted, and are available as solid and hollow. Solid bricks and porous bricks are mostly used in load-bearing structure walls, and hollow bricks are mostly used in non-load-bearing structure walls.
The clay raw material contains a mixture of refractory clay, illite, montmorillonite, chlorite, quartz, etc. After making the molding and drying, the original embryo bricks are formed by calcining in a kiln to 1000°C.
Sometimes sawdust or styrene is also added to improve the porosity inside the clay bricks. The pollutants produced by the production of clay bricks depend on the raw materials used. The calcination process releases toxic substances such as CO2, CO, NOX, HF, SO2, etc. The control of pollutants is mainly done by optimizing the calcination process and additives, or by adding a second treatment process such as filtering and fluoride filters.
With NETZSCH equipment, the calcination process of clay bricks can be analyzed precisely, for example, under the following test conditions
Temperature range: RT..1000°C
Sample mass: 21.7 mg
Heating rate: 10 K/min
Crucible: Aluminum oxide crucible
Atmosphere: Air, 40ml/min
Sensor: TG type Platinel
Results obtained: Clay materials used for brick production usually contain small amounts of fluoride, and it is sometimes difficult to detect very small amounts of fluorine F or hydrofluoric acid HF using MS and FTIR. It was concluded from the tests that clay bricks release fluorine F near 380°C and 800°C.
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